Aquascaping is the craft of arranging aquatic plants, as well as rocks, gemstones, cavework, or driftwood, within an aesthetically pleasing manner within an aquarium—in effect, growing plants under water. Aquascape designs include a quantity of distinct styles, including the garden-like Dutch style and the Japanese-inspired nature style. Usually, an aquascape houses seafood as well as vegetation, although it is possible to create an aquascape with plants only, or with rockwork or other hardscape and no vegetation. Although the primary goal of aquascaping is to create an artful marine landscape, the technical aspects of tank maintenance and the growth requirements of aquatic plants are also taken into consideration. Many factors must be balanced in the closed system of an aquarium container to ensure the success of the aquascape. These factors include filtration, maintaining carbon dioxide at levels sufficient to support photosynthesis underwater, substrate and fertilization, lighting, ...